The new Inland Revenue Act, taking effect on 1st April 2018, introduces capital gains tax (CGT) on the ‘realization’ of investment assets. 将于2018年4月1日生效的新税法，引入的资本利得税（CGT）用于实现资产投资

An outline of the salient provisions of the new Act are set out below. 下文概述了新税法的主要条款

Imposition (征收)

CGT will be charged on the gain arising from realization of an investment asset at the rate of 10%. CGT will only arise if the net cost of the asset accrues a gain to the owner of the asset. The gain is calculated as the consideration received for the asset or liability exceeding the cost of the asset or liability at the time of realisation. In the case of any asset that was owned, gifted and/or acquired prior to 1st April 2018, the cost of the asset will include its value as at 30th September 2017.

资本利得税（CGT）将按实现投资资产收益率的10%收取费用。资本利得税只有在资产的净成本为资产所有者获得收益时才会产生。收益是根据资产或负债变现时超过资产或负债成本而计算的。如果在2018年4月1日前拥有的，获赠及/或收购的任何资产，则资产成本将包括其在2017年9月30日的价值

The following assets are subject to CGT:

以下资产需缴纳资本利得税

• land or buildings (土地或建筑物)


• a membership interest in a company, partnership or trust (在公司、合伙制或信托中成员的权益)


• a security or other financial asset (证券或其他金融资产)


• an option, right, or other interest in an asset referred to above (上述资产的期权，权益或其他利益) It appears that CGT will be applicable to residents and non-residents alike. 资本利得税适用于本地居民及非本地居民

Limits and exemptions (限制和豁免)

Gains made by a resident individual which is less than LKR 50,000 will not be subject to CGT.
居民个人资本利得低于50,000卢比不需要缴纳资本利得税

Trading stock and depreciable assets are specifically excluded from CGT.
资本利得税不包括股票市场交易和可折旧资产

The principal place of residence of an individual, provided it has been owned by the individual continuously for three years before disposal and lived in for at least two of those three years, is not subject to CGT.
私人居所，在处理前若连续三年由个人拥有并至少两年在里面居住，则不需要缴纳资本利得税

The sale of shares of companies listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange will not be subject to CGT.
在科伦坡证券交易所上市的公司股票的出售将不需要缴纳资本利得税

Cost of an Asset (资产成本)

The cost of an asset is defined to include its acquired or inherited price/value (in the case of assets acquired or inherited prior to 1st April 2018, it will be the value of the asset as at 30th September 2017), the expenditure (including incidental expenditure such as advertising, service fees (such as broker fees), agency fees, transfer tax etc.) incurred in acquiring the asset (including expenditure on construction, manufacture or production of the asset) and in altering, improving, maintaining or repairing the asset.
资产成本是指其获得或继承资产的价格/价值（在2018年4月1日前获得或继承的资产，将为2017年9月30日的资产价值），支出费用（包括附带的费用如广告、服务费（经纪费）、代理费、转让税等），获取资产费用（包括建设、资产制造或生产支出）及资产的变更，改进，维护或修缮等

Ascertaining the base value of an asset for the purpose of determining its cost (确定资产的基础价值以确定其成本)

The base value of an asset acquired, inherited or gifted prior to 1st April 2018, is deemed to be its value as at 30th September 2017. It is proposed that the deemed value will be revised to 1st April 2018.
于2018年4月1日前获得、继承或拥有的资产的基础价值被视为其在2017年9月30日的价值。提议将认为的价值修正时间为2018年4月1日

Realisation of an Asset – Transactions that are subject to CGT (资产实现——受资本利得税约束的交易)

CGT is levied and becomes payable, subject to there being a gain, on the realization of an asset. The following transactions have been identified as constituting a realization of assets:
资本利得税在资产实现时被征收为应付账款，但收益有所增加。以下交易被确定为资产实现

• Transfer of ownership of an asset (including when the asset is sold, exchanged, transferred, distributed, cancelled, redeemed, destroyed, lost, expired, expropriated or surrendered);
  (转让资产所有权（包括资产出售、交换、转让、分配、取消、赎回、销毁、遗失、到期、被征收或收购）)


• When a debt claim is being written off as bad;
  (债务要求被冲销)


• When the person begins to employ trading stock, a depreciable asset, a capital asset of a business or an investment asset in such a way that it ceases to be an asset of any of those types;
  (采用股票交易、可折旧资产，企业的资本资产或投资资产，使其不再是任何类型的资产)


• When a person resident in Sri Lanka ceases to be resident in Sri Lanka, all assets owned by the person is deemed to be realized;
  (斯里兰卡常住居民不在是斯里兰卡常住居住，该居民所有的资产均被视为已实现)


• When an individual transfers ownership of an asset to a spouse on death, divorce settlement or bona fide separation agreement;
  (死亡时，签署离婚协议或善意的分居协议将个人财产所有权转移给配偶)


• Where an asset is transferred pursuant on the death of its owner;
  (资产所有者死亡后将其资产转移)


• When a person transfers ownership of an asset to an associate by way of a gift;
  (以礼物方式将财产所有权转让给关联人)


• Where rights or obligations lasting for more than 50 years relating to an asset owned by a person, is assigned to another (including by way of lease of such asset) and;
  (将所有者拥有超过50年的与资产有关的权利或义务分配给他人（包括资产租赁方式）)


• When a person transfers an asset under a finance lease or instalment sale.
  (在融资租赁或分期付款出售时转让资产)

Ascertaining the base value of an asset for the purpose of determining Involuntary Realization of Asset (资产的非自愿实现)

If an asset is involuntarily realized by way of either sale, exchange, transfer, distribution, cancellation, redeem, destruction, misplacement, expiry, expropriation or surrender, and the owner of such asset acquires a replacement asset during the period of 6 months before and one year after the realization of the asset, the owner is deemed to be deriving a value equal to the net cost of the asset. However the cost incurred in acquiring the replacement asset can be considered when arriving at the value liable for tax.
如果资产以销售、交换、转让、分配、取消、赎回、销毁、遗忘、到期、征收或移交的方式非自愿实现，且该资产的所有者在获得购置资产的资产实现后的前6个月到1年期间，所有者认为可导出值等于该资产的净成本。但在获得应纳税价值时，可考虑购置替代资产时所产生的费用

The legislation empowers the Commissioner General of Inland Revenue to determine whether replacement of one security of a company with another security in the same company or different company (including as a result of merger, demerger or reconstruction) will constitute an involuntary realization for the purpose of capital gains tax.
该立法授权税务局局长决定是否更换一个证券公司及其他相同的证券公司或不同公司（包括合并、分解或重建）将构成一个以非自愿实现为目的的资本利得税

Implementation and obligation of payment (付款的实施和义务)

According to the Bill, any person who is required to accept, register or approve the transfer of an asset (which includes notaries and attorneys), is required to be satisfied that the applicable CGT has been paid prior to accepting, registering or approving such transfer.
根据该法案，任何被要求接受、登记或批准此类转让资产的人（包括公证员和律师），必须满足在接受登记批准此类转让前支付的适用资产利得税（CGT）

However the Commissioner General of Inland Revenue will issue regulations with regard to the manner and the process of payment of CGT.
因此，税务局局长将会就如何支付资产利得税的方式及过程发布规定

Read more about Capital Gains Tax in Sri Lanka.